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Handbook Of The History Of Logic 1 - Greek, Indian And Arabic Logic

"What is the origin of logic as a distinct discipline?" is a complex and partly confusing question. It is confusing because some might misinterpret it as asking for a date at which people discovered the difference between sound and unsound reasoning. But presumably people have been thinking logically, at least in relatively simple contexts, since the origin of humanity. Material elements have behaved "physically" much before the rise of physics as a discipline, and people, at times, have argued logically much before the first system of logic was presented. There is a difference between the two cases. Physics did not start with everything "physical" beginning to think about what normal physical functioning is. Humans, with a certain sense of detachment, started raising that question. Reason had to be applied to natural processes in space and time. In the case of logic, however, reason had to be applied to reason. This application required that people reflect on their own thought processes and that of others. This reflection then had to be coupled with separating the art of logical reasoning from other subjects. However, this separation was not like the separating of two natural sciences, e.g., chemistry and biology.